Fish for the People Vol.16 No.3
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12066/4324
2024-03-28T23:18:47ZFish for the People Vol. 16 No. 3
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12066/4335
Fish for the People Vol. 16 No. 3
2018-01-01T00:00:00ZReviving the aquaculture of black tiger shrimp in Southeast Asia: Perspectives and future direction
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12066/4334
Reviving the aquaculture of black tiger shrimp in Southeast Asia: Perspectives and future direction
Ekmaharaj, Siri
The intensive culture of black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) was first developed in the late 1985s, during which time, Thailand was the first country to export cultured shrimps (both tiger shrimp and other marine shrimp species) to the world market from 1991 to 2014. The country’s total production of black tiger shrimp at its peak was about 420,000 metric tons (MT)/yr in 1998 and 1999. Then, the shrimp aquaculture industry encountered many problems that were mainly related to water pollution in the culture areas followed by disease outbreaks caused by the White Spot Syndrome Virus (WSSV) impacting on the sustainability of the tiger shrimp culture. As recovery in terms of production was quite slow, the Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) white shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) was introduced to the country in 2002. Since then until early 2011, Thailand’s production of white shrimp had increased to an average of 620,000 MT/yr while the production of tiger shrimp was only about 1-2 % of the country’s total shrimp production. Later, when the shrimp culture industry of the ASEAN Member States suffered another major blow due to the incidence of early mortality syndrome (EMS) in cultured marine shrimps during 2010-2011, production of the white shrimp dropped rapidly in most countries including Thailand. Many shrimp farmers in Thailand are now going back to the culture of black tiger shrimp (P. monodon) using disease-free broodstock produced by private companies in Thailand. This paper, which summarizes some innovative culture techniques that have been improved and re-introduced recently in the country’s shrimp farms, is based on the Keynote Lecture delivered by the author during the Dean Domiciano K. Villaluz Memorial Lecture, one of the major activities during the Celebration of the 45th Founding Anniversary of SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department (AQD) in Iloilo, Philippines on 12 July 2018.
2018-01-01T00:00:00ZCapacities for Managing the Development of ASEAN Aquaculture
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12066/4333
Capacities for Managing the Development of ASEAN Aquaculture
Bueno, Pedro B.
Two core capacities are necessary to manage the development of any economic sector, e.g. fisheries. These are governance, in order that development is geared to the goals of society, directed towards those goals, and growth is orderly; and innovativeness, so that the resources are utilized with utmost effectiveness and efficiency, and producers have the ability to supply products in the quantity, reliability and form that meet market requirements, anticipate demand, and better yet, create demand. These two are linked: good governance provides a favorable environment as well as encouragement for science and technology -- and the brains that produce them -- to flourish; while innovations not only enhance the progress and welfare with new products, systems and processes but also support and facilitate better governance. In December 2015, full economic integration came into reality in the ASEAN with the establishment of the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC) which aspires to be a single market and production base, a highly competitive economic region, a region of equitable economic development, and a region fully integrated into the global economy (ASEAN, 2015). The aquaculture development strategies of the ASEAN Member States (AMSs) are aligned with such regional aspirations, but the question is whether the sector has the capacity to address the concerns over, meet the challenges of, and realize the aspirations for aquaculture development. Based on a review made by the author for an ASEAN-EU Project, this article provides positive indications of the region’s capabilities in sector management, and science and technology.
2018-01-01T00:00:00ZAddressing gaps in the culture of pathogen-free polychaetes as feed in shrimp hatcheries
http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12066/4332
Addressing gaps in the culture of pathogen-free polychaetes as feed in shrimp hatcheries
Mandario, Mary Anne E.
One of the factors that contribute to the success of shrimp hatchery operations is the availability of good quality broodstock diets. Polychaetes have been regarded as the best maturation diet for shrimps as they contain essential nutrients requisite for the reproduction of shrimps. Consequently, the demand for polychaetes increased with the intensification of shrimp farming and as a result, the natural stocks are depleting gradually and thus, could no longer provide sustainable supply for shrimp hatcheries. In addition, the issue on biosecurity concerning wild polychaetes prompted the shrimp farmers to obtain polychaetes from reputable sources, thus, the culture of polychaetes under controlled condition has become a sustainable alternative. The SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department (SEAFDEC/AQD) therefore initiated the “Refinement of rearing and feeding techniques for sustainable mass production of the polychaete Marphysa sp.” to address the gaps in polychaetes culture and ensure the sustainability of polychaetes production to supply the shrimp hatcheries at SEAFDEC/AQD, and where the potential mass production of the polychaetes (Marphysa sp.) in indoor tanks is being undertaken to ensure that these are pathogen-free.
2018-01-01T00:00:00Z