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dc.contributor.authorGonzal, Angelito C.
dc.contributor.authorAralar, Emiliano V.
dc.contributor.authorPavico, Josefina Ma. F.
dc.date.accessioned2012-12-03T06:09:16Z
dc.date.available2012-12-03T06:09:16Z
dc.date.issued1987
dc.identifier.citationGonzal, A. C., Aralar, E. V., & Pavico, J. M. F. (1987). The effects of water hardness on the hatching and viability of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) eggs. Aquaculture, 64(2), 111-118.en
dc.identifier.issn0044-8486
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10862/1270
dc.description.abstractAn investigation was conducted to establish water hardness concentration for optimum hatching of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) eggs. Eggs were incubated for 19 h at 26.5°C at six levels of water hardness: 100, 200, 300, 400, 500 and 600 mg/l CaCO3. Water absorption at 100–200 mg/l CaCO3 caused eggs to burst prematurely and minimal water absorption occurred at 600 mg/l CaCO3. Chloride concentration at 0 and 6 h post-fertilization was significantly related to egg hatchability. Total ammonia-nitrogen at 6 h, pH at 6 h, magnesium hardness at 18 h and chlorides at 18 h significantly influence viability of larvae. A water hardness of 300–500 mg/l CaCO3 is recommended for the successful hatching of silver carp eggs.en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevieren
dc.subjectHypophthalmichthys molitrixen
dc.titleThe effects of water hardness on the hatching and viability of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) eggsen
dc.typeArticleen
dc.citation.volume64
dc.citation.issue2
dc.citation.spage111
dc.citation.epage118
dc.citation.journalTitleAquacultureen
dc.subject.asfawater hardnessen
dc.subject.asfafish cultureen
dc.subject.asfahatchingen
dc.subject.asfasurvivalen
dc.subject.asfafish eggsen
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/0044-8486(87)90347-4


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    These papers were contributed by AQD staff to various national and international journals

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