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dc.contributor.authorAltamirano, Jon
dc.contributor.authorNoran-Baylon, Roselyn D.
dc.date.accessioned2020-05-08T09:28:49Z
dc.date.available2020-05-08T09:28:49Z
dc.date.issued2020-09
dc.identifier.citationAltamirano, J. P., & Noran-Baylon, R. D. (2020). Nursery culture of sandfish Holothuria scabra in sea-based floating hapa nets: Effects of initial stocking density, size grading and net replacement frequency. Aquaculture, 526, 735379.en
dc.identifier.issn0044-8486
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10862/3616
dc.description.abstractSea-based culture of early juvenile sandfish Holothuria scabra up to fingerling size (>2 g) using floating hapa nets has been confirmed as a viable nursery system in tropical countries such as the Philippines. However, production can be further optimized through more efficient rearing practices. In this study, we demonstrate the effects of initial stocking density, size grading and net replacement frequency during the culture of early juvenile sandfish in sea-based floating hapa nets (2 × 1 × 1 m). Testing different initial stocking density treatments ranging from 150 to 2000 early juveniles (4–10 mm; 0.02–0.06 g) per hapa net, we confirmed significantly faster growth (0.06–0.08 g d−1) and higher survival (72–97%) in low densities (≤500 hapa−1), compared to high densities (≥700 hapa−1: 0.02–0.04 g d−1; 67–80%). Low density culture can produce 2 g sandfish in about a month, while higher densities will require a 2–3 mo culture period to reach this size. Culture performance following size grading was also compared using three initial size classes (small, 0.05–0.99 g; medium, 1–1.99 g; and large, 2–3 g) and a mixed group (0.05–3.00 g). At 45 d, juveniles in pooled size-graded groups grew significantly faster (0.11–0.13 g d−1) than those in the mixed group (0.01 g d−1). Survival was significantly higher in the medium (85.3%) and large (84.7%) groups, than those in the small (54.4%) and mixed (45.6%) groups. However, size variation was not significantly mitigated by grading during the 45-d culture. Culture performance of sandfish was not significantly enhanced by more frequent net replacement for short-term rearing (30–45 d). Optimal results were gained from an initial stocking density of ≤500 early juveniles (5–10 mm) per floating hapa net which may be cultured in a month, without requiring net replacement and size grading to produce ≥2 g sandfish. However, in cases of high hatchery production, it is also feasible to adopt higher density stocking (e.g. >1000 hapa−1), but will require longer culture duration (60–85 d), monthly net replacement and size-grading to attain the same size. Results of this study can help fine-tune management practices for nursery culture of sandfish in sea-based floating hapa net nurseries in order to boost production of fingerlings needed for aquaculture and restocking.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was funded by the Australian Centre for International Agriculture Research (ACIAR) through the project FIS/2010/042 “Expansion and Diversification of Production and Management Systems for Sea Cucumbers in the Philippines, Vietnam and Northern Australia” with counterpart funding support by SEAFDEC/AQD through study code FS-03-Y2014T. Special thanks to MRB Altamirano for valuable help in developing the manuscript in the early stages. We also appreciate the useful suggestions from M Lal and P Southgate, as well as the constructive comments from anonymous reviewers, all contributed in improving this paper. We are grateful to CP Recente, JC Rodriguez, Jr., H Figurado, and N Tibubos for the assistance in sandfish hatchery production, experimental setup and monitoring.en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherElsevieren
dc.subjectsea cucumbersen
dc.subjectHolothuria scabraen
dc.subject.lcshSoutheast Asian Fisheries Development Center. Aquaculture Departmenten
dc.titleNursery culture of sandfish Holothuria scabra in sea-based floating hapa nets: Effects of initial stocking density, size grading and net replacement frequencyen
dc.typeArticleen
dc.citation.volume526
dc.citation.spage735379
dc.citation.journalTitleAquacultureen
dc.subject.asfafingerlingsen
dc.subject.asfasize grading (organisms)en
dc.subject.asfastocking densityen
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.aquaculture.2020.735379
dc.subject.scientificNameHolothuria scabraen
local.subjectfloating hapaen
local.subjectsandfish fingerlingen
local.subjectsize-gradingen
local.subjectstocking densityen
local.subjectSEAFDEC/AQDen


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