Bolstering Legal and Policy Frameworks Toward Effective Management of Fisheries in Cambodia

Abstract

The fisheries sector is a cornerstone of the economy of Cambodia, providing livelihoods for over 1.2 million people and serving as a vital source of animal protein. Despite notable progress in resource management, aquaculture development, and conservation efforts, the sector faces persistent challenges including illegal fishing, habitat degradation, high production costs, and environmental impacts from climate change. The government has implemented a comprehensive legal and policy framework—centered on the Law on Fisheries (2006) and subsequent amendments—alongside community-based management, protected areas, and regional cooperation initiatives. These measures have contributed to increased fishery yields and improved resource stewardship; however, enforcement gaps, socioeconomic pressures, and environmental variability continue to hinder sustainable management. Moving forward, adaptive, inclusive, and innovative strategies are essential to address these complexities, ensuring the resilience of the country’s fisheries sector and the well-being of dependent communities. This article underscores the importance of strengthened enforcement, stakeholder engagement, and climate-resilient policies to realize the sector’s full potential for sustainable development.