Localisation of enzymes in the digestive system during early development of the grouper (Epinephelus coioides)

Abstract

This study was undertaken to investigate the occurrence of some digestive enzymes in the gastrointestinal tract during early development in the grouper. This work was conducted to provide information on formulating an appropriate feeding scheme and an artificial diet for the early development of the grouper, Epinephelus coioides. Larvae of E. coioides were reared in 5 tonne rectangular concrete tanks. The digestive enzymes localized were acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), nonspecific esterase (NSE), aminopeptidase (AMP), trypsin (TRP), maltase (MAL) and lipase (LIP). Weak enzyme activity occurred during the yolk sac stage. High AMP activity started at day 14 prior to Artemia feeding at day 16. Fluctuations in TRP activity might be related to stomach formation. Occurrence of MAL during early development demonstrated a capacity to digest carbohydrates. An increase in LIP activity coincided with the occurrence of gastric glands. Insignificant changes in digestive enzymes were observed in the metamorphosing grouper larvae from day 40 to 60.