Acute toxicity of garlic (Allium sativum) extract to snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii) juvenile

Abstract

Garlic (Allium sativum) is a well-known medicinal herb which has been shown to possess anti-microbial and anti-parasitic properties. This study was conducted to test the toxicity levels of snubnose pompano (Trachinotus blochii) juvenile to garlic (Allium sativum) extract by determining the cumulative mortality and median lethal concentration (LC50). Test fish were exposed to six concentrations of the extract (2.5, 5.0, 7.5, 10, 20 and 30 ppm) in a 96-hour static bioassay. Cumulative mortality was highest at 100 % for 30 ppm garlic extract, with mortalities found to increase with increasing concentration. Test fish exposed to 20 and 30 ppm exhibited weak and static behavior. The LC50 of garlic extract to T. blochii was found to be 7.48 ppm at 96 h. Findings of the present study suggest that aqueous garlic extract up to 5 ppm can be safely used in pompano for prophylactic purposes.