Alternative feed ingredients to reduce aquaculture’s dependence on wild fish

Abstract

A paradox in seafood production highlights the need for alternatives to fish-based ingredients in aquaculture feed. Aquaculture has generally been seen to provide for the fish that could no longer be provided by the overharvested oceans. However, the dramatic growth of the industry has been achieved at the expense of millions of tonnes of fish caught from the oceans. Small marine fish and bycatch are important resources to derive fish meal and fish oil which are primary sources of protein and fatty acids for aquaculture feed.