Diagnostic and preventive practices for viral nervous necrosis (VNN)
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Viral nervous necrosis (VNN) or viral encephalopathy and retinopathy (VER) caused by piscine nodaviruses (=betanodaviruses) has spread worldwide in the past decade among cultured marine fish. The present paper briefly describes procedures currently practiced in the diagnosis and prevention of the disease.
Suggested Citation
Nakai, T. (2002). Diagnostic and preventive practices for viral nervous necrosis (VNN). In Y. Inui & E. R. Cruz-Lacierda (Eds.), Disease Control in Fish and Shrimp Aquaculture in Southeast Asia - Diagnosis and Husbandry Techniques: Proceedings of the SEAFDEC-OIE Seminar-Workshop on Disease Control in Fish and Shrimp Aquaculture in Southeast Asia - Diagnosis and Husbandry Techniques, 4-6 December 2001, Iloilo City, Philippines (pp. 80-89). Tigbauan, Iloilo, Philippines: SEAFDEC Aquaculture Department.
