Multi-species Fish Stock Assessment by Acoustic Method in the South China Sea Area I: Gulf of Thailand and East Coast of Peninsular Malaysia

Abstract

Acoustic resource surveys were conducted by M/V SEAFDEC in the Gulf of Thailand and off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia from September 5 to 28, 1995 for pre-NE monsoon season and from April 24 to May 17, 1996 for post-NE monsoon season, using the scientific echosounder FQ-70 (Furuno Electric Co.). Collected raw values of backscattering strength (SV) from the 200 kHz were carefully corrected and filtered to eliminate the influence of plankton. These corrected SV values were classified into pelagic and demersal fish, and were used to estimate the biomass of pelagic and demersal multispecies fish. Biomass of pelagic and demersal fish for each season was only estimated in the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia within Malaysian EEZ waters due to the availability of previous fisheries statistics and biological data. Dominant species were selected based on the fisheries statistics and landing place survey. Length (L) and weight were obtained from previous literatures. Target strength (TS) of these dominant species were calculated as TS =20 log (L) -66. The distribution of the SV values for pelagic fish showed a distinct difference between preand post- monsoon seasons. Greater concentrations of SVs were observed from offshore compared to the nearshore waters in pre-monsoon season. The distribution for the demersal fish showed that there was no clear difference between pre- and post-monsoon. The estimated biomass of multi-species fish off the east coast of Peninsular Malaysia within Malaysian EEZ for the pre-and post-monsoon seasons was 4.4x10⁵ tonnes (2.3x10⁵ tonnes of pelagic fish and 2.1x 10⁵ tonnes of demersal fish) and 3.1x10⁵ tonnes (1.9x10⁵ tonnes of pelagic fish and 1.2x 10⁵ tonnes of demersal fish), respectively.