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Optimum low salinity to reduce cannibalism and improve survival of the larvae of freshwater African catfish Clarias gariepinus

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Date
2017
Author
Kawamura, Gunzo
Bagarinao, Teodora
Yong, Annita Seok Kian
Sao, Pei Wen
Lim, Leong Seng
Senoo, Shigeharu
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47
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Abstract
The freshwater African catfish Clarias gariepinus is carnivorous and cannibalistic even during the larval and juvenile stages and this behavior causes economic losses in aquaculture. This study examined for the first time the effect of salinity on cannibalism, survival, and growth of African catfish larvae in the hatchery. Larvae (4 days old, median 7.8 mm TL, 2.8 mg BW) of the African catfish were reared for 21 days at nominal salinity 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 ppt. After 21 days, they grew to 10–39 mm (median 22 mm) and 10–490 mg (median 90 mg), with no significant difference by salinity treatments. Survival ratios were similarly low (24–31%) at 0, 1, 3, and 7 ppt and significantly higher (49–55%) at 2, 4, 5, and 6 ppt. Cannibalism was significantly lower, 15–30% at 4–6 ppt, than the 40–50% at 0–3 and 7 ppt. Size variation was lower at 4–6 ppt and higher at 0–3 and 7 ppt. We recommend hatchery rearing of African catfish at the optimum low salinity of 4–6 ppt rather than in full fresh water at least up to 21 days. This rearing method fosters larval welfare and improves hatchery production.
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10862/3116
Suggested Citation
Kawamura, G., Bagarinao, T., Yong, A. S. K., Sao, P. W., Lim, L. S., & Senoo, S. (2017). Optimum low salinity to reduce cannibalism and improve survival of the larvae of freshwater African catfish Clarias gariepinus. Fisheries Science, 83(4), 597-605.
DOI
10.1007/s12562-017-1088-y
Subject
Inland water environment; Juveniles; Larvae; Salinity; aquaculture ASFA; Salinity effects; Survival; rearing techniques ASFA; Cannibalism; Predators; growth ASFA; Carnivores; Hatcheries; Fresh water; methodology ASFA; Ratios; Aggressive behaviour; Osmoregulation; Freshwater catfish; Size variation; Clarias gariepinus
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