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Comparison of commercial Spirulina, live Navicula sp. and Chaetoceros calcitrans concentrate as settlement cues for sandfish, Holothuria scabra

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Date
2022-05-23
Author
Sibonga, Rema
Laureta, Liberato V.
Lebata-Ramos, Ma. Junemie Hazel
Nievales, Marie
Pedroso, Fiona
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Abstract
The settlement of sea cucumbers is a crucial phase of larval development because the highest mortality occurs at this stage. Substrates and cues are commonly used to induce larval settlement. Commercial algae and live benthic diatoms are the most common settlement cues being used. The present study evaluated Chaetoceros calcitrans concentrate as a potential settlement cue for H. scabra. Three settlement cues, replicated three times, were compared: commercial ‘Spirulina’, live benthic diatom Navicula sp., and C. calcitrans concentrate. Settlement substrates without cue served as control. ‘Spirulina’ paste and C. calcitrans concentrate were painted onto the settlement substrates, while settlement substrates were introduced into a Navicula sp. culture tank to enable attachment of the benthic diatom. Faster and higher settlement was observed in the treatment with ‘Spirulina’ paste as cue at 89% five days post introduction of substrates, compared with live Navicula sp. and C. calcitrans concentrate at 74% and 63% seven days post introduction, respectively. For the control, only 25% of the larvae have settled eight days after introduction to the substrates. ‘Spirulina’ paste and live Navicula sp. showed better settlement rates, but these were not significantly different compared with C. calcitrans concentrate. Therefore, C. calcitrans concentrate can be a potential settlement cue for H. scabra larvae.
Keywords
Settlement cues Settlement percentage Chaetoceros calcitrans concentrate
URI
http://hdl.handle.net/10862/6324
Suggested Citation
Sibonga, R., Laureta, L. V., Lebata-Ramos, M. J. H., Nievales, M., & Pedroso, F. (2022). Comparison of commercial Spirulina, live Navicula sp. and Chaetoceros calcitrans concentrate as settlement cues for sandfish, Holothuria scabra. Journal of Applied Phycology, 34, 2099-2105. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10811-022-02767-2 
DOI
10.1007/s10811-022-02767-2
Subject
sea cucumber culture ASFA; biological settlement ASFA; metamorphosis ASFA; sea cucumbers AGROVOC; Holothuria scabra AGROVOC
Taxonomic term
Holothuria scabra GBIF; Chaetoceros calcitrans GBIF; Navicula GBIF
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