Acute toxicity of un-ionized ammonia to milkfish (Chanos chanos) fingerlings

Abstract

The acute toxicity of un-ionized ammonia to milkfish (Chanos chanos) fingerlings was determined using a static bioassay system. The 24-, 48-, 72-, and 96-hr LC₅₀ values were calculated at 25.74 ppm NH₃-N (1.89 ppm NH₃), 23.06 ppm NH₃-N (1.46 ppm NH₃), 21.62 ppm NH₃-N (1.25 ppm NH₃) and 20.65 ppm NH₃-N (1.12 ppm NH₃), respectively.